「オバマ広島演説に込められた原爆慰霊碑文の精神」
（編輯部共撰、編輯長深澤獻）
曰く、
『広島市も日本政府も、一貫して米国には謝罪を求めたことはない。日本政府は2007年7月に、鈴木宗男衆議院議員による「第二次世界大戦が終結して以来、政府は米政府に対して我が国に対する原子爆弾投下について抗議を行ったか」との質問に対して、安倍首相が「米国政府に直接抗議を行ったことは確認されていない」と答えている。』
http://diamond.jp/articles/-/92075?page=4

　上記の文章で鈴木議員は終戰後の抗議を言ってゐる。とすれば安倍首相の答辯は正しいが、折角だから終戰前の抗議文について言及すべきだった。
　以下は名文として知られるやうになった抗議文。西村幸祐氏より教へて頂いた。授業でも取り上げたことがある。ここに載せて置かう。朝日新聞昭和二十年八月十二日第一面。（畫像はツイッターより）
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/CjcarZ8UgAUjPgl.jpg
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/CjcaqyYVEAI4uN8.jpg



　本月六日米國航空機は廣島市の市街地區に対し新型爆彈を投下し瞬時にして多數の市民を殺傷し同市の大半を潰滅せしめたり。

　廣島市は何ら特殊の軍事的防備乃至施設を施し居らざる普通の一地方都市にして同市全体として一つの軍事目標たるの性質を有するものに非ず、本件爆撃に関する聲明において米國大統領「トルーマン」はわれらは船渠工場および交通施設を破壞すべしと言ひをるも、本件爆彈は落下傘を付して投下せられ空中において炸裂し極めて廣き範圍に破壞的效力を及ぼすものなるを以つてこれによる攻撃の效果を右の如き特定目標に限定することは技術的に全然不可能なこと明瞭にして右の如き本件爆彈の性能については米國側においてもすでに承知しをるところなり、

　また実際の被害狀況に徵するも被害地域は廣範圍にわたり右地域内にあるものは交戰者、非交戰者の別なく、また男女老幼を問はず、すべて爆風および幅射熱により無差別に殺傷せられその被害範圍の一般的にして、かつ甚大なるのみならず、個々の傷害狀況より見るも未だ見ざる慘憺なるものと言ふべきなり。

　抑々交戰者は害敵手段の選擇につき無制限の権利を有するものに非ざること及び不必要の苦痛を與ふべき兵器、投射物其他の物質を使用すべからざることは戰時國際法の根本原則にして、それぞれ陸戰の法規慣例に関する條約附屬書、陸戰の法規慣例に関する規則第二十二條、及び第二十三條（ホ）号に明定せらるるところなり、

　米國政府は今次世界の戰乱勃発以來再三にわたり毒ガス乃至その他の非人道的戰爭方法の使用は文明社會の輿論により不法とせられをれりとし、相手國側において、まづこれを使用せざる限り、これを使用することなかるべき旨聲明したるが、

米國が今回使用したる本件爆彈は、その性能の無差別かつ慘虐性において從來かゝる性能を有するが故に使用を禁止せられをる毒ガスその他の兵器を遙かに凌駕しをれり、

米國は國際法および人道の根本原則を無視して、すでに廣範圍にわたり帝國の諸都市に対して無差別爆撃を実施し來り多數の老幼婦女子を殺傷し神社佛閣學校病院一般民家などを倒壞または燒失せしめたり、

　而していまや新奇にして、かつ從來のいかなる兵器、投射物にも比し得ざる無差別性慘虐性を有する本件爆彈を使用せるは人類文化に対する新たなる罪惡なり

　帝國政府はこゝに自からの名において、かつまた全人類および文明の名において米國政府を糾彈すると共に即時かゝる非人道的兵器の使用を放棄すべきことを嚴重に要求す
。
　以下英譯。
https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1945v06/d336
Foreign Relations of the United States: Diplomatic Papers, 1945,
The British Commonwealth, The Far East, Volume VI Document 336 　　
740.00116 P.W./8–1145
The Swiss Legation to the Department of State
Memorandum
　The Legation of Switzerland in charge of Japanese interests has received an urgent cable from the authorities abroad, requesting that the Department of State be immediately apprised of the following communication from the Japanese Government, reading, in translation, as follows:

“On August 6, 1945, American airplanes released on the residential district of the town of Hiroshima bombs of a new type, killing and injuring in one second a large number of civilians and destroying a great part of the town. Not only is the city of Hiroshima a provincial town without any protection or special military installations of any kind, but also none of the neighboring region of this town constitutes a military objective.

“In a declaration President Truman has asserted that he would use these bombs for the destruction of docks, factories, and installations of transportation. However, this bomb, provided with a parachute, in falling has a destructive force of a great scope as a result of its explosion in the air. It is evident, therefore, that it is technically impossible to limit the effect of its use to special objectives such as designated by President Truman, and the American authorities are perfectly aware of this. In fact, it has been established on the scene that the damage extends over a great area and that combatant and non-combatant men and women, old and young, are massacred without discrimination by the atmospheric pressure of the explosion, as well as by the radiating heat which results therefrom. Consequently there is involved a bomb having the most cruel effects humanity has ever known, not only as far as the extensive and immense damage is concerned,
[Page 473]
but also for reasons of suffering endured by each victim.

“It is an elementary principle of international public law that in time of war the belligerents do not have unlimited right in the choice of the means of attack and that they cannot resort to projectile arms or any other means capable of causing the enemy needless suffering. These principles are stipulated in the Convention respecting the laws and customs of war on land and in Article 22, as well as under letter (E) of Article 23 of the rules concerning the laws and customs of war on land. Since the beginning of the present war, the American Government has declared on various occasions that the use of gas or other inhuman means of combat were considered illegal in the public opinion of civilized human society and that it would not avail itself of these means before enemy countries resorted to them. The bombs in question, used by the Americans, by their cruelty and by their terrorizing effects, surpass by far gas or any other arm the use of which is prohibited by the treaties for reasons of their characteristics.

“The Americans have effected bombardments of towns in the greatest part of Japanese territory, without discrimination massacring a great number of old people, women, children; destroying and burning down Shinto and Buddhist temples, schools, hospitals, living quarters, etc. This fact alone means that they have shown complete defiance of the essential principles of humanitarian laws, as well as international law. They now use this new bomb, having an uncontrollable and cruel effect much greater than any other arms or projectiles ever used to date. This constitutes a new crime against humanity and civilization. The Government of Japan, in its own name and at the same time in the name of all of humanity and civilization, accuses the American Government with the present note of the use of an inhuman weapon of this nature and demands energetically abstinence from its use.”
Reference: I–10
Washington , August 11, 1945

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Selden, Kyoko; Selden, Mark, eds. (1989).
"The Atomic Bomb: Voices from Hiroshima and Nagasaki".
 Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe. ISBN 978-0-873-32556-1.
　On 11 August 1945, the Japanese government filed an official protest over the atomic bombing to the U.S. State Department through the Swiss Legation in Tokyo, observing:
    Combatant and noncombatant men and women, old and young, are massacred without discrimination by the atmospheric pressure of the explosion, as well as by the radiating heat which result therefrom. Consequently there is involved a bomb having the most cruel effects humanity has ever known ... The bombs in question, used by the Americans, by their cruelty and by their terrorizing effects, surpass by far gas or any other arm, the use of which is prohibited. Japanese protests against U.S. desecration of international principles of war paired the use of the atomic bomb with the earlier firebombing, which massacred old people, women and children, destroying and burning down Shinto and Buddhist temples, schools, hospitals, living quarters, etc ... They now use this new bomb, having an uncontrollable and cruel effect much greater than any other arms or projectiles ever used to date. This constitutes a new crime against humanity and civilization.

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https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2015/08/05/national/history/japan-times-reported-atomic-bombings-hiroshima-nagasaki/
 On Aug. 10, the Imperial authorities delivered a protest to Washington via the Swiss government, saying that although the U.S. had disavowed the use of poison gas on account of its indiscriminate nature, this bomb was far worse.

The protest accused the U.S. of committing “a sin against the culture of the human race by using a bomb which harms more indiscriminately and is more cruel than any weapon or missile which has been used in the past.”

It described Hiroshima as “a common ordinary urban community without any particular military defense facilities. … By individual cases of damage done, it was unprecedentedly cruel.”

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https://harvardpress.typepad.com/hup_publicity/2011/08/the-bomb-in-american-memory-hasegawa.html
 Tsuyoshi Hasegawa 長谷川毅　"Racing the Enemy" page 299
 On August 10 the Japanese government sent a letter of protest through the Swiss legation to the United States government. This letter declared the American use of the atomic bombs to be a violation of Articles 22 and 23 of the Hague Convention Respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land, which prohibited the use of cruel weapons. It declared “in the name of the Japanese Imperial Government as well as in the name of humanity and civilization” that “the use of the atomic bombs, which surpass the indiscriminate cruelty of any other existing weapons and projectiles,” was a crime against humanity, and demanded that “the further use of such inhumane weapons be immediately ceased.” Needless to say, Truman did not respond to this letter. After Japan accepted the American occupation and became an important ally of the United States, the Japanese government has never raised any protest about the American use of the atomic bombs. The August 10 letter remains the only, and now forgotten, protest lodged by the Japanese government against the use of the atomic bomb.



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